CPR BASIC LIFE SUPPORT

1.	Determine if client is unconscious by shaking client and shouting “ are you ok”
2.	Activate emergency medical services and call for help
3.	Place the client supine on hard surface or use backboard
4.	Kneel at level of victims shoulder
5.	Open the airway Use a head tilt/ chin maneuver Use modified jaw thrust if a neck injury is suspected
6.	Prepare for artificial respiration For mouth to mouth resuscitation Adult : pinch victim’s nose and occlude mouth with rescuer’s mouth Infant : place mouth over infant’s mouth For mouth to nose  resuscitation Keep victim head tilted with one hand on forehead .use other hand to lift jaw and close mouth. Seal nurses lips around victim’s nose and blow. Allow passive exhalation
7.	Administer  artificial respiration For mouth to mouth resuscitation Adult Blow 2 quick breaths into mouth , adequate tile for 2 breaths (1-1.5 seconds per breath ) should be allowed to provide good chest expansion and decreased distention Infant and child Administer two slow breaths (1-1.5 seconds per breath ) With pause between rescuer to take breath artificial respiration with ambu bag Adult : Compress bag fully for two breaths Child : use two small compression of bag
8.	Observe for rise and fall of chest with each respiration . If lungs don’t inflate , reposition head and neck for visible airway obstruction such as vomitus
9.	Suction secretions from airway , if suction is unavailable , turn head one side
10.	Assess for carotid pulse for 5-10 seconds on the side next to which you are kneeling
11.	If client is pulseless , start chest compression Adult ·         Use proper hand position ·         Place middle finger on this notch and the index finger on lower end of notch ·         Place heel of other hand along the lower half of sternum , next to index finger ·         Remove first hand from the notch and place heel of that hand parallel over the hand on the chest, interlock fingers keeping them off client’ s chest ·         Extend or interlace fingers but keep fingers off chest ·         Lock elbows , maintain arms straight  and shoulders directly over surface ·         Compress chest  3.8-5cm (1.5-2’) ·         Compress chest 80-100 times per minute .perfrom 15 external compressions with mnemonic ·         Ventilate lungs with 2 ventilations ·         Reassess victim after 4 cycles (15 compressions ) , 2 ventilations each cycle Infant ·         Draw proper hand position ·         Draw imaginary line between nippples over sternum ·         Place index fingers of hand farthest from infant’s head just under intermammary line where it intersects sternum Using two fingers compress 1.3-2.5 cm at least 10 times per minute At end of evry 5th compression, pause for ventilation Reassess victim after 10 cycles (5 compressions , 1 ventilation each cycle) Child (1-7 years ) ·         Use proper hand position ·         Locate lower margin of rib cage on side next to rescuer with middle and index fingers ·         Follow margin of rib cage with middle finger to notch where ribs and sternum meet ·         Palce index finger next to middle finger ·         Place heel of other hand next to index finger with long axix of heel parallel to sternm ·         Compress sternum with one hand 2.5 -3.8 cm (1-1.5’_ at arte of 80-100 times per minute ·         At end of evrery fifth compression pause for ventilation (1-1.5 cm) ·         Reassess the client after 10 cycles .